We used monthly rainfall and temperature data from 2 points each representing a pixel of 10. Measuring ethiopian farmers vulnerability to climate change. Pdf climate change in ethiopia variability, impact. Adapting to the impacts of climate variability and change. Pastoralists and smallscale farmers are already feeling these impacts in their food security and livelihood opportunities. Climate change in ethiopia variability, impact, mitigation, and adaptation article pdf available may 2016 with 22,927 reads how we measure reads. The region is facing an increasing trend in maximum and minimum temperature and temperature extremes e.
Farmers perception and adaptive capacity to climate change and variability in the upper catchment of blue nile, ethiopia 8 atps working paper no. Current climate variability adversely affects health in ethiopia, and climate change is likely to impose new stresses, resulting in a number of direct and indirect impacts, summarized in the table below. Analysis of climate variability and droughts in east africa. Measuring the economic impact of climate change on ethiopian. Undps climate change country profile for ethiopia, ipcc reports, ethiopias national adaptation programme of. The main purpose of this study was to identify the determinant factors that influence the choice of farmers adaptation strategies to climate variability from 110 households in dera woreda, south gondar zone, ethiopia. Evidence from ethiopia mintewab bezabih, salvatore di falco, and alemu mekonnen abstract weather fluctuations tend to be as important as climate change in farmers decision making in countries such as ethiopia that have virtually no weather insurance.
Climate ethiopia average weather, temperature, rainfall, when to go, what to pack in ethiopia, the climate varies mostly with altitude, and it goes from the hot and arid climate of the lowlands to the cool climate of the plateau. Climate change impacts on pastoral women in ethiopia. It supports 400 development projects and programmes in 57 countries in africa, asia and latin america. Effects of climate change variability on agricultural. Ethiopian seasonal rainfall variability and prediction. The negative consequences of climate change in africa are already happening as prevalent from frequent floods, droughts and shift in marginal agricultural systems collier et al. Pdf e study aims to analyze climate variability and farmers perception in southern ethiopia. The aim of this study was to understand the association of crop production with climate variability in the central highlands of ethiopia. Strenghtening capacity for climate change adaptation in the. Owing to the disruption of the delicate balance of pasture e. Lying just north of the equator, the country experiences little variation in temperature throughout the year.
Ethiopia establishes national framework for climate services. Because ethiopias economy is mainly dependent on rainfed agriculture, the failure or the goodness of seasonal rainfall is incredibly decisive the countrys socio economic functioning in particular, food production. Pdf climate change refers to long term fluctuations of temperature, precipitation, wind and other elements of earths climate system. It has three different climate zones according to elevation. Climate change forumethiopia ccfe, welcomed all the participants and emphasized the importance of capacitybuilding in averting the already visible impacts of climate change and variability in the east africa region in general and ethiopia in particular.
However, the limited availability of ground station data constrains studies focusing on detecting variability and changes in climate and drought monitoring, particularly in developing countries of east africa. Analysis of variability and trends in rainfall over northern. Fernanda zermoglio chemonics international anna steynor climate systems analysis group, university of cape town. Ethiopias economy and the wellbeing of its people varies, in part, with the climate. The climate change adaptation activities in east africa notably in ethiopia and. As a result, the reliable seasonal rainfall prediction would have several advantages for agricultural activities, water management, health malaria control and drought. The effect of climate change variability and change on crop production longterm mean climate change will have significance impacts on global food production and may require ongoing adaptation, greater risks to food security may be posed by changes in yeartoyear variability and extreme weather events.
The study was conducted in the north shewa zone of oromia regional state in ethiopia. Trends and spatial distribution of annual and seasonal. Net revenue was regressed on climate, household and soil variables. This study was aimed to assess perception of smallholder farmers. In ethiopia, however, increased frequencies of extreme events such as drought and flooding, attributed to climate change, undermines the pastoral livelihood systems. Adapting to the impacts of climate variability and change on. Climate variability can cause abrupt disruptions, such as floods, droughts, or tropical storms. The effect of climate change and variability on the. Sustainability free fulltext climate variability and household. United states agency for international development. According to recent estimates, this unprecedented climate variability will first occur in the tropics and among lowincome countries, where the projected mean climate may continuously move outside the bounds of historical variability already in 2034, about 17 years earlier than the global average mora et al.
Response of streamflow to climate variability and changes. On the impact of weather variability and climate change on agriculture. Data from 87 weather stations across the country were used for this. Climate variability and its impacts on food production 263 methodology the study area. The potential adverse effects of climate change on ethiopias agricultural sector are a major concern, particularly given the countrys dependence on agricultural production, which is sensitive to climate change and variability. On the impact of weather variability and climate change on. Local climate variability and crop production in the central. Analysis of vulnerability and resilience to climate change. Perception of and response to climate change by maizedependent. Most important of all, however, is that because of the long history of climate. Ethiopia in general the dera woreda in particular is not an exception in this regard. Of the 18 agroecological zones, 11 agroecological zones, representing more than 74% of the country, were selected and total of farmers from 50 districts were interviewed. Introduction there is a growing understanding that climate variability and change poses serious challenges to development in ethiopia.
Most rural people live in the highlands and middlehighlands, which comprise only onethird of the country, and this population tends to be. Farmers perception and adaptive capacity to climate change. Climate ethiopia climates to travel world climate guide. The impact of climate change and adaptation on food. Ethiopia is also frequently identified as a country that is highly vulnerable to climate variability and change. Longterm trends in rainfall and temperature using high. Modeling climate change impacts on bread wheat triticum. Both primary and secondary data sources were used and data. In this study, a runoff model driven by rainfall and potential evapotranspiration was established to estimate the effect.
Kolla tropical zone is below 1830 metres in elevation and has an average annual temperature of about 27 degree celsius with annual rainfall about 510 millimetres. Natural climate variability and longterm climate trends both contribute to fluctuations in weather that affect operations in water resources, agriculture, energy, health and more. Analysis of climate variability and change as a basis for adaptation and mitigation strategies requires longterm observations. The seasonality of rainfall varies in different areas of ethiopia. Implications of and possible responses to climate change of and. Ethiopia is in the tropical zone laying between the equator and the tropic of cancer. Pdf climate change in ethiopia variability, impact, mitigation, and. The increase in air temperature and variability in. Measuring the economic impact of climate change on. Strenghtening capacity for climate change adaptation in. Most important of all, however, is that because of the long history of climate variability and change the local people have developed. Analysis of climate variability and droughts in east.
Highresolution monthly rainfall database for ethiopia. The climate change impact on agriculture is believed to be stronger in subsaharan africa. Watching the decisionmakers in ethiopia, researchers partnered with the national meteorological agency to help clean the historical data from a sparse network of weather stations and merge the. Some of the meteorological variables that are commonly measured are temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, and precipitation. Missing data are, in particular, a source of problems in climate research e. Livelihood vulnerability to climate variability and change.
The study also investigated determinant factors influencing. Summary of findings vi acknowledgements the authors would like to acknowledge elizabeth strange and the climate systems analysis group of the university of cape town for the fieldwork and analysis that contributed to this report. Climate is the longterm average of weather, typically averaged over a period of 30 years. The relevance of climate and its variability on natural.
Climate change induced vulnerability of smallholder. In ethiopia, the project is built on a model of vulnerability that includes. It is a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition. A basin scale indicator approach to understanding the risk to water resources development and management september 2011. Jan 28, 2017 climate variability and human activities are two major drivers influencing changes in streamflow response of a watershed, and thus assessing their relative effect is essential for developing sustainable water resources planning and management strategies at watershedscale. Climate change adaptation, thought leadership and assessments atlas prepared by. Climate risks and development projects assessment report for a communitylevel project in guduru, oromiya, ethiopia marius keller bread for all, november 2009 bread for all is the swiss protestant churches development agency. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of climate change and variability on the livelihood of the local community in the study area. The report is part of a broader study, the economics of adaptation to climate change eacc, which has two objectives. Review of climate data from the national meteorological agency nma and the famine early warning system network fews net.
In this regard, vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate variation to which a system is ex posed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity 4. The topography is ragged terrain with some mountains. Abstract the report is part of a broader study, the economics of adaptation to climate change eacc, which has two objectives. Climate change, growth, and poverty in ethiopia ethiopia. It accounts for approximately 11 percent of the national calorie intake in the country 200 kcalday in urban areas, 310 kcal day in rural areas 26. Determinants of farmers choice of adaptation to climate. Climate variability and climate change and their impacts on kenyas agricultural sector. Local innovation in climatechange adaptation by ethiopian pastoralists 2 the famines were due not only to shortage of rain but also to extended or excessive rain. N, ethiopias climate is typically tropical in the south.
Undps climate change country profile for ethiopia, ipcc reports, ethiopias national adaptation programme of action napa, scuk livelihood reports, and other relevant research reports. Climate change adaptation in ethiopia climate change. Ricardian approach1 temesgen tadesse deressa2 1 an earlier version of this working paper was published as ceepa discussion paper number 25. North shewa zone is located in the northwestern direction of addis ababa. Climate variability and climate change in doba district, west hararghe, ethiopia belaineh legesse1 yared ayele2 woldeamlak bewket3 abstract this study assessed farmers perceptions and adaptation to climate variability and change in doba district, west hararghe, ethiopia. Rainfall variability and associated drought have been major causes of the countrys food shortages and famine. Improving farmlevel use of multiple climate change adaptation strategies. The new series begins with number 00689, reflecting the prior publication of 688 discussion papers. Climate variability and household adaptation strategies in southern ethiopia. Study session 11 impacts of climate change in ethiopia introduction. In a broader sense, climate is the state of the components of the climate system, which includes the ocean and ice on earth. Farmers perception and adaptive capacity to climate. Global climate has changed in recent decades and exposes a significant impact on the environment and on social and economic wellbeing 1,2. The climate variability and drought frequency over potential crop growing regions of ethiopia during 1983.
Nbi climate change strategy 1 nbi climate change strategy 1. The african continent, while contributing least to greenhouse gas ghg emissions, is most vulnerable and will be hit hardest by the. Study session 11 impacts of climate change in ethiopia. Jun 07, 2018 ethiopias economy and the wellbeing of its people varies, in part, with the climate. Climate variability, adaptation strategies and food security in malawi. Projected climate change in ethiopia is expected to result in increased variability in precipitation and in an increase in temperature 1. Nationally, the link between drought and crop production is widely recognized, but. Ethiopia economics of adaptation to climate change. Climate change impact on livelihood, vulnerability and. Oxfam and its partners have been working to design solutions to help them become more resilient.
Climate change forum ethiopia ccfe, welcomed all the participants and emphasized the importance of capacitybuilding in averting the already visible impacts of climate change and variability in the east africa region in general and ethiopia in particular. A number of climate change impact studies have been. Countries in east africa are particularly prone to climate variability e. Developing climate adaptation wiley online library. This study is focused on analysis of temporal variability and trends in historical rainfall records for stations in the geba river basin. The effect of climate change on water resources and. Local innovation in climatechange adaptation by ethiopian. One of the reasons for limited investigation of climate change and variability over ethiopia is absence of homogeneous and continuous climate variables such as temperature and rainfall. May 21, 2016 rainfall is a key component of the hydrological cycle, and its spatiotemporal variability is essential from the both scientific and practical perspectives. Analysis of variability and trends in rainfall over.
Ethiopia is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate variability. Climate variability and change in ethiopia global climate. Rainfall is a key component of the hydrological cycle, and its spatiotemporal variability is essential from the both scientific and practical perspectives. Pdf climate variability and farmers perception in southern. Rising temperatures are exposing more people to malaria. This knowledge will help us to prepare for and adapt to the effects of climate change. In ethiopia, the climate varies mostly with altitude, and it goes from the hot and arid climate of the lowlands to the cool climate of the plateau. Climate change is expected to increase the surface temperature of the earth and the oceans, raise sea levels, alter the global distribution of rainfall, affect the direction of ocean currents and major airstreams, and increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events.
The geba catchment is surrounded by the danakil basin in the east, by the tekeze river basin in the. Climate variability and human activities are two major drivers influencing changes in streamflow response of a watershed, and thus assessing their relative effect is essential for developing sustainable water resources planning and management strategies at watershedscale. Climate change induced vulnerability of smallholder farmers. Local climate variability and crop production in the. Climate variability and change in ethiopia december 2015 the usaid climate change adaptation, thought leadership and assessment atlas activity has undertaken field work and analysis to provide guidance to the food for peace ffp program in ethiopia identifying and prioritizing climate risk and developing illustrative interventions that. Pastoralists perception of climate change in the region is found to be very. The effect of climate change on water resources and programs introduction the goal of this module is to educate water program managers, as well as the general public, on the expected effects of climate change on water resources and water programs. Increased malnutrition, diarrhea, and malaria have been identified as the impacts of greatest significance. Therefore, this study aimed at modeling impacts of climate change on bread wheat production using crop simulation modeling approach for possible climate change scenarios in the central. Weather variability, climate change and agricultural productivity in ethiopia.
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